In some 40 years of quilting, I've only had bleeding issues once and it was from "reputable fabric from a quilt shop". I always prewash but didn't double check. This maroon fabric never stopped bleeding and turned a sophisticated blue, maroon, white and silver quilt into a not so sophisticated pink and blue...
I've had issues with dark batiks too. Typically 1-2 washes satisfies them but there is a lot of cast off. I like using black with batiks so it can catch the run off.
And then there was the bag of hand dyed fabrics I got from a thrift store. None of the dyes were set and I had a lot of opportunity to figure out how to fix dyes. It's harder when you don't know what dyes were used. It took a lot of effort and additives and then heat setting before I was satisfied. Only reason I stuck to it was my car was in the shop! Anyway, with problematic pieces a bit of regular Dawn dishwashing soap in the soak was a big help -- and relatively cheap and on hand!