Welcome to the Board Teresa, from So. California!
"Patchwork" would be any time you are sewing different fabrics together, "applique" is sewing a motif on top of another fabric (or reverse applique - you cut away the top fabric to reveal a different one undermeath), and a sampler is usually when each block in the quilt is a different block pattern. It would be entirely possible to have all those things in one quilt too! :D
Hope that helps a little bit & isn't TOO confusing! Any time you have questions, feel free to ask - someone on the Board will either know the answer, or else know where to point you to find it.
:D:D