I would use Synthrapol with hot water in a machine that uses a *lot* of water. (Domestic front-loaders typically do not use enough water.) You may need to do this several times to get all the bleeds out.
Whenever washing a quilt for the first time you want to use a washing machine that uses a *lot* of water so that any dye bleeds are diluted. Synthrapol helps keep unset dye particles suspended in water so they don't settle into other fabrics. The bleeds you have still involve unset dye particles (typically chemical setting is required to make bleeds permanent; heat is not enough for most), so Synthrapol will still work to remove them -- it's just harder removing a bleed than preventing a bleed.