I was told one time that the way to learn about the judging of a quilt, was to volunteer to work with a judge at your local guild's show. Whether or not this is possible, I don't really know. Might be fun to ask your program chair if they could have someone give a talk on what the judges look for in judging a quilt.
Since I believe in Mr. Google, I thought I would see if there was anything out there for the Standard for judging quilts. There are lots. This is the first one I opened.
https://4h.unl.edu/documents/06Quilt...%20judging.pdf