You can use "quilt as you go" for any quilt that you have the backing and the batting together and then sew the top right onto that sandwich.
Most are done so that you place two pieces of fabric, right sides together onto the batting/backing sandwich and sew a seam down one side. Then flip the top piece over and finger press. Place the next piece on top of that, face down and sew it down the same way. Flip it over and finger press.
This can be quite beautiful by using strips, or triangles or just random"crazy quilt" pieces. Once you have the whole top filled in, you just have to bind the edges because the quilting is all done.