If you have a mechanical machine, you will need to oil it and clean the bobbin area
If you have a computerized machine, about all you can do is keep the bobbin area clean.
If I'm working on fabric that throws up a lot of dust or lint, like flannel or fleece, I clean the bobbin area a couple of times during the project. If it's a big project, I'll clean it more often. If I'm working with cottons or blends, I clean the bobbin area after the project is complete.
I don't change my needles until they "talk" to me. A needle that makes a "thawcking" sound while you sew needs to be changed.
And read your manual. Amazing things, manuals, really good ones even give you wonderful sewing tips!