I use a lot of black fabric, a LOT. I prewash it with Retayne, and when the quilts are done I wash them in cold water, using half the amount of detergent the label calls for, and use a detergent without optical brighteners (like Cheer Dark formula). They don't fade.
Dust shakes off; I don't have threads all over the house, just in the studio where there are no finished quilts; and my cats are black. No problems there. :D