I have wall to wall carpet in my 'studio' and have not had a problem with needles and pins. I have several large pincushions within reach of where I'm working, sewing, cutting and near design wall. I make sure all pins and needles get put in a cushion right away, no laying them down on a flat surface.
Threads, I use the nozzle attachment on my vacuum first to keep them out of the rotating brush on the vacuum. Then I use the vacuum with beater brush on the bottom as one would usually do.
Of course, the best thing to do would be to put all threads into a 'catcher' of some kind but I'm not as diligent about that as I am about the needles / pins.