Stack and whack - you make octagons or hexagons and then, depending on which S&W you are making, they are put into blocks and/or set with another fabric.
One Block Wonder - you make octagons or hexagons and they are set together without benefit of a second fabric. Well, unless you count the borders or do those little cube-thingies.
Kalidescope - I have no personal experience but I heard someone say you don't stack 6 or 8 layers of fabric and cut, you fussy cut. I am not saying this is truth, just what I heard.
BTW, 4 patch posey is a version of these methods, only you use 4 layers of fabric instead of 6 or 8.