I don't know what all these tests mean... but apparently textiles undergo all sorts of rigorous testing.
http://www.noorfatima.com/Quality.html
I did notice that they talked about several kinds of dye. The best quilt fabrics are colored with fiber-reactive dyes, and pigment-dyes are the second best kind. At least that's what I've been told.
Anyone with more info, please share it with us!