If you analyze the star block you will see it is a 4 block square, 16 patch. This is a fairly easy pattern to change sizes on.
For an 8 inch block, the center would be a finished 4 inch, with each of the other sections being 2 inches each.
10" squares are a bit more complex, because each section is 2.5 inches finished, with the center being a 5 inch finished square. All very doable.
12" squares would be a 6 inch finished square for the center and 3 inch sections for the other parts.
Hope this is clear and helpful.