I'm grateful that my 3 mutts are well past the puppy chew-on-everything stage! They share one gigantic crate out in the garage (when they're not on the couch and/or in our laps) and we have a variety of things in there. We have 3 beds in there and then they have a variety of blankets - some store-bought, some made by me.
They don't chew the blankets usually, unless they get into a game of tug-o-war with them. I usually just patch the rips since they don't actually eat any of the fabric, it just gets yanked apart. They're very good at wrapping themselves up, though...when it's cold you can't see a single nose or paw in there! (There's also a heater mat under their crate that we put on a nightly timer during the coldest months...even though it rarely gets cold enough for frost outside, we like to spoil our doggies! And one of the girls is 13 now so we try to keep her old bones nice and warm.)
Everything that's theirs (beds, blankets) is machine-washable. I shake stuff out in the yard before tossing it in, but I don't do a lot of work to remove fur. Our old girl is a Lab/husky mix so she produces a LOT of fur - so far our washer & dryer handle it all just fine!