The following video is good for setting tension on all machines used for quilting on a frame:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1mRhcquZTM
Basically you want to set your bobbin tension first, then set the top tension to match. You mentioned sewing on a scrap, then having the thread break when you sew on the frame. I think that sewing on a frame requires different tension settings than sewing without a frame.
What size needle are you using? And what type? You probably want to be using the largest size needle your machine will take (maybe a size 16?) and it should be a sharp needle (not universal). Some machines do better with a topstitch needle.