First of all it's your quilt, and you can use whatever fabrics you want in it. It's very possible that mixing black with 30's fabrics would look fabulous. I can also imagine it as a background fabric, in place of the dark blue that was more typically used. Mixing up fabrics is a great way to make something more modern. However if you're going for a 30's look, you probably would not use black.
If you have EQ, you might experiment with the color combinations to see how it looks and whether you like it. I did it with this Dresden Plates quilt and I think it looks pretty good.