Resin finishing is often used in "permanent press" cottons including sheets. It is what keeps the cotton from wrinkling so much. I personally don't care for it because of the chemicals (particularly, formaldehyde) usually involved in the bonding process which not only can cause irritation on people with especially sensitive skin, but also weakens the cotton fibers. But I'm super picky & allergic to practically everything.
Assuming the fabric is otherwise well-made, it should be relatively easy to work with and need less ironing than usual to prepare. Many people use bed sheets for the backs of their quilts, so I don't really see any issue with using this fabric. The only thing I might suggest is to be extra careful if you tear rather than cut your fabric. Other than that, quilt away & be sure to post pictures when you're done.
