Well... when I lead a 4-H Modern quilting project, we start with mastering the 1/4" seam. By the time the members have sewn 5 WOF strips together they have it pretty darn good.
Then we play with colour and colour theory.
Then design. All the while playing/sewing with the strip set they made. A little bit of machine maintenance and checking out the manual or where to go online for help.
Then sandwiching with batting and backing - I use the birthing method first since their projects are small.
Then machine quilting - straight lines either marked or done point to point or perhaps stitch-in-the-ditch. And finishing the thread ends. I think this gives a good overview.