For quilting, all you need is a machine that sews a straight stitch, both for piecing and quilting. Most older, vintage, all-metal machines have the capability to do patchwork as well as free motion quilting. You can even learn to do free motion embroidery on them. A nice Singer 15 or Japanese made Singer 15 clone machine will run you anywhere from $25 to $150 dollars depending on condition and accessories. Parts and feet are readily available, and there is a nice large harp to make your quilting experience easier.
Yes, you will have to thread your own needle and you will have to use the handwheel to raise and lower your needle. You will also have to cut your own thread. Big woop. You will also have a machine that will likely last your lifetime and then some. For a beginner, this IMHO is the best way to go. You can always throw massive amounts of money at a computer with a needle if you want to.
Just my opinion; your mileage may vary.